Science-Grade 7 Notes Lesson 2

Chapter 11 Lesson 2

1. Xylem-the tissue that is made up of tubular vessels that transport water and minerals up from the roots throughout the plant.
2. Phloem-a plant tissue that is made up of tubular cells.
3. Cambium-a tissue that produces new xylem and phloem cells.
4. Stomata-the adaption of leaves is small pores in the leaf surfaces.
5. Guard cells-the stomata that open and closes the pores.

Note

• Roots absorb water and minerals, store food and anchor the plant.
• Stems transport the food and water between roots and leaves to support the plant.
• The palisade layer of leaves carries out photosynthesis. Xylem and phloem tissues are located in the spongy layer of the leaf.
• Roots have vascular tissue to move water and minerals from the ground up through the stems to the leaves.
• Each root system must support the plant parts that are above the ground-the stem, branches, and leaves of the tree, for example.
• Roots also store food. When you eat carrots or beets, you eat roots made up of stored food.
• The main functions of a stem are to support the plant and to allow movement of materials between leaves and roots. Some stems also allow them to store food.
• Inside a leaf, a leaf has many different layers, it has a rows of closely packed cells just below the upper epidermis. Palisade cells and the lower epidermis is a layer of loosely arranged cells, the spongy layer, and many air spaces. Xylem and Phloem are located in these air spaces.

Grade 6-How to Correctly Find the Surface Area

Math- Surface Area and How to Find Them

As you know on the previous homework, you may not have understood it correctly. This would help you on the next homework about surface area.

Surface area is the area of the surface of a 3D figure. Surface area can be calculated by bring the shape to be transparent. This would help you note which side of the shape you did. For example, if you would be calculating the surface area of a rectangle, you would make it transparent. Then calculate the surface area. Then add. To find the surface area, you will have to make each side of the transparent figure look like a 2D figure.

This figure shows a transparent figure.

When you are writing your equations to solve each side of the shape, you must remember to multiply by 2. Then, you would not have to keep calculating the same side of the figure.

If there is a problem that does not show the shape in transparent. Draw a new shape you can clearly visualize so you can solve the problem.

For example:

A rectangle has a length of 6 in., a width of 8 in, a height of 1 in., what i the surface area of the figure?

You would have to write the following equations.

(6x8)2= ?

(6x1)2=?

(8x1)= ?

After that, you add your sub answer to get your final answer.